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Nebula Operator 云上实践

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  •   NebulaGraph · 2021-08-18 15:10:30 +08:00 · 772 次点击
    这是一个创建于 1177 天前的主题,其中的信息可能已经有所发展或是发生改变。

    本文首发于 Nebula Graph Community 公众号

    Nebula Operator

    嗨,大家好!Nebula Operator 开源也有一段时间了,之前也有一篇相关的博客介绍,但是实践相关的博客却还没有,现在:

    它来了!来了!它带着实践走来了!

    Nebula Operator 介绍

    关于 Nebula Operator 的介绍,大家可以参考之前那篇博客:一文详解云上自动化部署集群管理工具 Nebula Operator

    本文将主要侧重于实践方向,让你能很快地入手 Nebula Operator,体验图数据库的乐趣!

    Nebula Operator云上实践

    到这里,开始进入正题,本文将使用阿里云进行 Nebula Operator 实践,其他云厂商类似。

    安装工具

    本次实践需要在操作电脑上安装如下基础工具:

    以上基础工具相关的安装方法请参考对应链接。

    创建云上 Kubernetes

    因为 Operator 是依托于 Kubernetes 的,所以在进行 Nebula Operator 实践之前,需要先准备好 Kubernetes 环境。

    首先进入到阿里云的控制台,然后进入到容器服务 Kubernetes 版,再创建一个集群。此实践选择的是 ACK 托管版,相关的创建参数请按需选择。

    注意: 为了方便外网访问 Kubernetes API Server,本次实践勾选了使用 EIP 暴露 API Server,你可以根据自身情况选择是否启用,如果不开启,你需要打通操作电脑与 Kubernetes 的之间网络。其他参数请按需选择

    等待 Kubernetes 集群启动后,将集群的连接信息公网访问中的内容复制到计算机$HOME/.kube/config文件中。

    然后你可以使用如下命令验证下 Kubernetes 集群:

    $ kubectl get nodes
    NAME                         STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
    cn-beijing.192.168.250.13    Ready    <none>   51m   v1.20.4-aliyun.1
    cn-beijing.192.168.250.185   Ready    <none>   51m   v1.20.4-aliyun.1
    cn-beijing.192.168.250.89    Ready    <none>   51m   v1.20.4-aliyun.1
    

    安装 Nebula Operator 依赖

    在安装 Nebula Operator 之前,还需要先安装一些依赖。

    安装 CertManager

    # 安装 CertManager
    $ helm install cert-manager cert-manager --repo https://charts.jetstack.io \
        --namespace cert-manager --create-namespace --version v1.3.1 \
        --set installCRDs=true
    # 稍等一会儿,检测 CertManager 是否启动正常
    $ kubectl -n cert-manager get pod
    NAME                                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
    cert-manager-7998c69865-jfw9x              1/1     Running   0          93s
    cert-manager-cainjector-7b744d56fb-846w9   1/1     Running   0          93s
    cert-manager-webhook-7d6d4c78bc-ssk4w      1/1     Running   0          93s
    

    安装 OpenKruise

    # 安装 OpenKruise
    $ helm install kruise \
        https://github.com/openkruise/kruise/releases/download/v0.8.1/kruise-chart.tgz
    # 稍等一会儿,检测 OpenKruise 是否启动正常
    $ kubectl -n kruise-system get pod
    NAME                                         READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
    kruise-controller-manager-6797f89d9b-ppv65   1/1     Running   0          49s
    kruise-controller-manager-6797f89d9b-wlkbd   1/1     Running   0          49s
    kruise-daemon-7rljq                          1/1     Running   0          49s
    kruise-daemon-8kd8d                          1/1     Running   0          49s
    kruise-daemon-n6tdw                          1/1     Running   0          49s
    

    添加 Nebula Operator Charts

    # 添加 Nebula Operator Charts Repo
    $ helm repo add nebula-operator https://vesoft-inc.github.io/nebula-operator/charts
    # 更新 repo
    $ helm repo update
    

    安装 Nebula Operator

    由于阿里云上无法拉取gcr.iok8s.gcr.io镜像,因此需要指定国内镜像,这里进行了如下替换:

    原镜像 替换后镜像
    gcr.io/kubebuilder/kube-rbac-proxy:v0.8.0 kubesphere/kube-rbac-proxy:v0.8.0
    k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.18.8 kubesphere/kube-scheduler:v1.18.8

    你可以通过如下命令查看所有可以设置的参数:

    $ helm show values nebula-operator/nebula-operator
    

    此次实践中的安装命令如下:

    # 安装 Nebula Operator
    $ helm install nebula-operator nebula-operator/nebula-operator \
        --namespace nebula-operator-system --create-namespace --version 0.1.0 \
        --set image.kubeRBACProxy.image=kubesphere/kube-rbac-proxy:v0.8.0 \
        --set image.kubeScheduler.image=kubesphere/kube-scheduler:v1.18.8
    # 稍等一会儿,检测 Nebula Operator 是否启动正常
    $ kubectl -n nebula-operator-system get pod
    NAME                                                             READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
    nebula-operator-controller-manager-deployment-6968547fff-k62b4   2/2     Running   0          19s
    nebula-operator-controller-manager-deployment-6968547fff-lhpdx   2/2     Running   0          19s
    nebula-operator-scheduler-deployment-7c5fc7945-hbkv8             2/2     Running   0          19s
    nebula-operator-scheduler-deployment-7c5fc7945-sxc7w             2/2     Running   0          19s
    

    如果你自定义了 Kubernetes 的 Cluster Domain,则需要修改安装命令,增加设置kubernetesClusterDomain,如下:

    # 安装 Nebula Operator,请修改 <<YourCustomCLusterDomain>>
    $ helm install nebula-operator nebula-operator/nebula-operator \
        --namespace nebula-operator-system --create-namespace --version 0.1.0 \
        --set image.kubeRBACProxy.image=kubesphere/kube-rbac-proxy:v0.8.0 \
        --set image.kubeScheduler.image=kubesphere/kube-scheduler:v1.18.8 \
        --set kubernetesClusterDomain=<<YourCustomCLusterDomain>>
    

    部署 Nebula Cluster

    至此,Nebula Operator 已经就绪,接下来安装Nebula Cluster来体验图数据吧!

    首先,需要获取StorageClass,这个将会用来设置Nebula Cluster所使用的存储。

    $ kubectl get sc
    NAME                       PROVISIONER                       RECLAIMPOLICY   VOLUMEBINDINGMODE      ALLOWVOLUMEEXPANSION   AGE
    alicloud-disk-available    diskplugin.csi.alibabacloud.com   Delete          Immediate              true                   100m
    alicloud-disk-efficiency   diskplugin.csi.alibabacloud.com   Delete          Immediate              true                   100m
    alicloud-disk-essd         diskplugin.csi.alibabacloud.com   Delete          Immediate              true                   100m
    alicloud-disk-ssd          diskplugin.csi.alibabacloud.com   Delete          Immediate              true                   100m
    alicloud-disk-topology     diskplugin.csi.alibabacloud.com   Delete          WaitForFirstConsumer   true                   100m
    

    从上面得知,阿里云目前支持5StorageClass。此次实践将会使用alicloud-disk-ssd。其他云厂商会有对应的StorageClass,请按照实际情况进行选择。 *注意:每个云厂商可能对于申请存储的大小有范围限制,比如阿里云对于 SSD 限制在20 Gi32,768 Gi,在创建Nebula Cluster的时候需要注意下。

    你可以通过如下命令查看所有可以设置的参数:

    $ helm show values nebula-operator/nebula-cluster
    

    此次实践中的安装命令如下:

    # 创建 Nebula Cluster 的名称
    $ export NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAME=nebula
    # 创建 Nebula Cluster 的 namespace
    $ export NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAMESPACE=nebula
    # 创建 Nebula Cluster 的 StorageClass 名称,这里设置为之前查找到的 alicloud-disk-ssd
    $ export STORAGE_CLASS_NAME=alicloud-disk-ssd
    # 创建 Nebula Cluster 中每个组建所使用存储的大小
    $ export STORAGE_SIZE_GRAPHD=20Gi
    $ export STORAGE_SIZE_METAD=20Gi
    $ export STORAGE_SIZE_STORAGED=20Gi
    # 创建 Nebula Cluster
    $ helm install ${NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAME} nebula-operator/nebula-cluster \
        --namespace ${NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAMESPACE} --create-namespace --version 0.1.0 \
        --set nameOverride=${NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAME} \
        --set nebula.storageClassName="${STORAGE_CLASS_NAME}" \
        --set nebula.graphd.storage="${STORAGE_SIZE_GRAPHD}" \
        --set nebula.metad.storage="${STORAGE_SIZE_METAD}" \
        --set nebula.storaged.storage="${STORAGE_SIZE_STORAGED}"
    # 稍等一会儿,检测 Nebula Cluster 是否启动正常
    $ kubectl -n ${NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAMESPACE} get nebulacluster
    NAME     GRAPHD-DESIRED   GRAPHD-READY   METAD-DESIRED   METAD-READY   STORAGED-DESIRED   STORAGED-READY   AGE
    nebula   2                2              3               3             3                  3                4m10s
    $ kubectl -n ${NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAMESPACE} get pod
    NAME                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
    nebula-graphd-0     1/1     Running   0          96s
    nebula-graphd-1     1/1     Running   0          96s
    nebula-metad-0      1/1     Running   0          97s
    nebula-metad-1      1/1     Running   0          97s
    nebula-metad-2      1/1     Running   0          97s
    nebula-storaged-0   1/1     Running   0          97s
    nebula-storaged-1   1/1     Running   0          97s
    nebula-storaged-2   1/1     Running   0          97s
    

    当然,也可以将Storaged实例升级到5个,执行命令如下:

    # 升级 Nebula Cluster
    $ helm upgrade ${NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAME} nebula-operator/nebula-cluster \
        --namespace ${NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAMESPACE} --create-namespace --version 0.1.0 \
        --set nameOverride=${NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAME} \
        --set nebula.storageClassName="${STORAGE_CLASS_NAME}" \
        --set nebula.graphd.storage="${STORAGE_SIZE_GRAPHD}" \
        --set nebula.metad.storage="${STORAGE_SIZE_METAD}" \
        --set nebula.storaged.storage="${STORAGE_SIZE_STORAGED}" \
        --set nebula.storaged.replicas=5
    # 稍等一会儿,检测 Nebula Cluster 是否启动正常
    $ kubectl -n ${NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAMESPACE} get nebulacluster
    NAME     GRAPHD-DESIRED   GRAPHD-READY   METAD-DESIRED   METAD-READY   STORAGED-DESIRED   STORAGED-READY   AGE
    nebula   2                2              3               3             5                  5                6m12s
    $ kubectl -n ${NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAMESPACE} get pod
    NAME                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
    nebula-graphd-0     1/1     Running   0          2m30s
    nebula-graphd-1     1/1     Running   0          2m30s
    nebula-metad-0      1/1     Running   0          2m30s
    nebula-metad-1      1/1     Running   0          2m30s
    nebula-metad-2      1/1     Running   0          2m30s
    nebula-storaged-0   1/1     Running   0          2m30s
    nebula-storaged-1   1/1     Running   0          2m30s
    nebula-storaged-2   1/1     Running   0          2m30s
    nebula-storaged-3   1/1     Running   0          52s
    nebula-storaged-4   1/1     Running   0          52s
    

    详细的安装说明请见:使用 Helm 安装 Nebula Operator

    访问 Nebula Cluster

    终于,Nebula Cluster 启动成功了,接下来开始访问集群吧!

    Kubernetes 内部访问

    首先,在 Kubernetes 中启动一个 Nebula Graph Console,执行命令如下:

    $ cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -f -
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: Pod
    metadata:
      name: nebula-console
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: nebula-console
          image: vesoft/nebula-console:v2-nightly
          command:
          - sleep
          - "1000000"
    EOF
    

    然后再通过刚才创建的 Nebula Graph Console 来访问集群,如下:

    $ kubectl exec -it nebula-console -- \
        nebula-console -u u -p p --addr ${NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAME}-graphd-svc.${NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAMESPACE}.svc --port 9669
    2021/06/23 06:21:22 [INFO] connection pool is initialized successfully
    Welcome to Nebula Graph!
    (u@nebula) [(none)]> show hosts
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+----------------------+------------------------+
    | Host                                                                  | Port | Status   | Leader count | Leader distribution  | Partition distribution |
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+----------------------+------------------------+
    | "nebula-storaged-0.nebula-storaged-headless.nebula.svc.cluster.local" | 9779 | "ONLINE" | 0            | "No valid partition" | "No valid partition"   |
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+----------------------+------------------------+
    | "nebula-storaged-1.nebula-storaged-headless.nebula.svc.cluster.local" | 9779 | "ONLINE" | 0            | "No valid partition" | "No valid partition"   |
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+----------------------+------------------------+
    | "nebula-storaged-2.nebula-storaged-headless.nebula.svc.cluster.local" | 9779 | "ONLINE" | 0            | "No valid partition" | "No valid partition"   |
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+----------------------+------------------------+
    | "nebula-storaged-3.nebula-storaged-headless.nebula.svc.cluster.local" | 9779 | "ONLINE" | 0            | "No valid partition" | "No valid partition"   |
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+----------------------+------------------------+
    | "nebula-storaged-4.nebula-storaged-headless.nebula.svc.cluster.local" | 9779 | "ONLINE" | 0            | "No valid partition" | "No valid partition"   |
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+----------------------+------------------------+
    | "Total"                                                               |      |          | 0            |                      |                        |
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+----------------------+------------------------+
    Got 4 rows (time spent 7669/9367 us)
    Wed, 23 Jun 2021 06:21:26 UTC
    

    Kubernetes 外部访问

    Kubernetes 内部的服务在集群外部要想访问,可以使用hostPorthostNetworkIngressLoadBalancer等。这里利用云厂商的便利性,直接使用LoadBalancer来访问集群。

    注意:此方法会暴露你的 Nebula 集群,请勿在生产环境使用。

    首先,将Graphd Servicetype改成LoadBalancer,然后再查看EXTERNAL-IP

    # 将 service 的 type 改成 LoadBalancer
    $ kubectl patch -n ${NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAMESPACE} svc ${NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAME}-graphd-svc \
        -p '{"spec": {"type": "LoadBalancer"}}'
    # 获取 EXTERNAL-IP,如果为 pending,请稍等一会儿再重试
    $ kubectl -n ${NEBULA_CLUSTER_NAMESPACE} get svc nebula-graphd-svc
    NAME                TYPE           CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP     PORT(S)                                          AGE
    nebula-graphd-svc   LoadBalancer   172.16.85.222   x.x.x.x         9669:31460/TCP,19669:32579/TCP,19670:31481/TCP   27m
    

    现在,可以根据EXTERNAL-IP来访问集群了,比如此处为x.x.x.x

    $ export EXTERNAL_IP=x.x.x.x
    $ docker run -it --rm vesoft/nebula-console:v2-nightly -u u -p p --addr ${EXTERNAL_IP} --port 9669
    2021/06/23 06:42:17 [INFO] connection pool is initialized successfully
    Welcome to Nebula Graph!
    (u@nebula) [(none)]> show hosts
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+----------------------+------------------------+
    | Host                                                                  | Port | Status   | Leader count | Leader distribution  | Partition distribution |
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+----------------------+------------------------+
    | "nebula-storaged-0.nebula-storaged-headless.nebula.svc.cluster.local" | 9779 | "ONLINE" | 0            | "No valid partition" | "No valid partition"   |
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+----------------------+------------------------+
    | "nebula-storaged-1.nebula-storaged-headless.nebula.svc.cluster.local" | 9779 | "ONLINE" | 0            | "No valid partition" | "No valid partition"   |
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+----------------------+------------------------+
    | "nebula-storaged-2.nebula-storaged-headless.nebula.svc.cluster.local" | 9779 | "ONLINE" | 0            | "No valid partition" | "No valid partition"   |
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+----------------------+------------------------+
    | "nebula-storaged-3.nebula-storaged-headless.nebula.svc.cluster.local" | 9779 | "ONLINE" | 0            | "No valid partition" | "No valid partition"   |
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+----------------------+------------------------+
    | "nebula-storaged-4.nebula-storaged-headless.nebula.svc.cluster.local" | 9779 | "ONLINE" | 0            | "No valid partition" | "No valid partition"   |
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+----------------------+------------------------+
    | "Total"                                                               |      |          | 0            |                      |                        |
    +-----------------------------------------------------------------------+------+----------+--------------+----------------------+------------------------+
    Got 4 rows (time spent 3747/60433 us)
    Wed, 23 Jun 2021 06:42:21 UTC
    

    享用时间

    大功告成!

    尽情地在 Nebula Graph 中驰骋吧!

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